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GATE 2024 MA – Question 52

Numerical Analysis · Nonlinear Equations · 2 marks · Multiple select

Let p₁<p₂ be the two fixed points of g(x)=eˣ−2, and x_n=g(x_(n−1)). Which statements hold?

  1. Converges to p₁ for p₁<x₀<p₂.
  2. Converges to p₂ for p₁<x₀<p₂.
  3. Converges to p₂ for x₀>p₂.
  4. Converges to p₁ for x₀<p₁.

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Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: (A) Converges to p₁ for p₁<x₀<p₂.; (D) Converges to p₁ for x₀<p₁.

Explanation

g is increasing and g(x)−x is strictly convex, negative between its two zeros and positive outside. Starting between p₁,p₂ gives a decreasing sequence bounded below by p₁, hence limit p₁. Starting below p₁ gives an increasing sequence bounded above by p₁, again limit p₁. Starting above p₂ yields increasing iterates escaping rather than converging to p₂. **A,D**.

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