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GATE 2020 CH – Question 22

Chemical Technology · Fertilizers: ammonia and urea · 1 mark · Multiple choice

The Haber process at 350–500°C produces ammonia under which conditions?

  1. 20 MPa, iron catalyst, exothermic reaction.
  2. 0.1 MPa, iron catalyst, exothermic reaction.
  3. 20 MPa, iron catalyst, endothermic reaction.
  4. 20 MPa, zeolite catalyst, endothermic reaction.

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Correct answer: (A) 20 MPa, iron catalyst, exothermic reaction.

Explanation

The reaction $N_2+3H_2\rightleftharpoons2NH_3$ is exothermic and reduces gas moles. High pressure favours ammonia formation, and industrial Haber synthesis uses a promoted iron catalyst. Of the listed choices, 20 MPa with iron and an exothermic reaction is A. The supplied temperature range balances reaction rate and equilibrium yield.

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