GATE 2021 EC – Question 25
Consider a rectangular coordinate system $(x,y,z)$ with unit vectors $\mathbf a_x,\mathbf a_y$, and $\mathbf a_z$. A plane wave traveling in the region $z\ge0$ with electric field vector $\mathbf E=10\cos(2\times10^8t+\beta z)\mathbf a_y$ is incident normally on the plane at $z=0$, where $\beta$ is the phase constant. The region $z\ge0$ is in free space and the region $z<0$ is filled with a lossless medium (permittivity $\varepsilon=\varepsilon_0$, permeability $\mu=4\mu_0$, where $\varepsilon_0=8.85\times10^{-12}$ F/m and $\mu_0=4\pi\times10^{-7}$ H/m). The value of the reflection coefficient is
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Correct answer: (A) $\frac13$
Explanation
The intrinsic impedance of free space is $\eta_0$, and that of the second medium is $\eta_2=\sqrt{\mu/\varepsilon}=\sqrt{4}\,\eta_0=2\eta_0$. The reflection coefficient is $\Gamma=\frac{\eta_2-\eta_0}{\eta_2+\eta_0}=\frac{2-1}{2+1}=\frac13$.