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GATE 2025 ST – Question 19

Testing of Hypotheses · Likelihood Ratio and Large Sample Tests · 1 mark · Multiple choice

For iid X₁,X₂~N(θ,1),θ∈ℝ, let φ be the size-.05 likelihood-ratio test of H₀:θ=0 against H₁:θ≠0. Which holds?

  1. φ is UMP of size .05.
  2. E_θφ≥.05 for every θ∈ℝ.
  3. A UMP size-.05 test exists.
  4. E₀[X₁φ]=.05.

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Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: (B) E_θφ≥.05 for every θ∈ℝ.

Explanation

The LRT rejects for |(X₁+X₂)/√2|>z_.975. For a shifted unit normal, the two-sided rejection probability is minimized at mean zero and increases with the absolute mean, so its power is at least .05 everywhere: it is unbiased. No UMP two-sided test exists because positive and negative alternatives favor opposite one-sided tails. Symmetry gives E₀[X₁φ]=0. **B**.

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