Correct answer: (A) U nonlinear,V linear; (B) U causal,V noncausal
Explanation
U fails superposition because of both squaring and its nonzero output for zero input; it depends only on present input and is causal. V is a linear time advance, preserving superposition, but needs a future input and is noncausal. Thus A,B. The equations completely transcribe the source block diagrams.
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