Liquid copper is cooled to 1353 K. Its melting point is 1356 K and enthalpy of melting is 13 kJ/mol. Find the magnitude of driving force for solidification in J/mol, to 1 decimal place.
For small undercooling, $|\Delta G|\approx\Delta H_m(T_m-T)/T_m$. Here ΔT = 3 K and ΔHm = 13000 J/mol, so $|\Delta G|=13000(3)/1356=28.76$ J/mol, or 28.8 J/mol. The question asks magnitude; the free-energy change for liquid to solid below Tm is negative.
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