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GATE 2019 CY – Question 32

Physical Chemistry · Statistical Thermodynamics: Micro-canonical, Canonical and Grand canonical ensembles, Boltzmann distribution, Partition functions and thermodynamic properties. Statistical mechanics of non-interacting systems, ideal monoatomic, diatomic gases, translational, rotational, vibrational and electronic partition functions. · 1 mark · Numerical answer

A two-state system has energies 0 and 2kBT, with degeneracies 1 and 2 respectively. Find its partition function at temperature T (two decimal places).

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Correct answer: 1.25 to 1.30

Explanation

Sum the Boltzmann weights with degeneracies: $Z=1e^0+2e^{-2k_BT/(k_BT)}=1+2e^{-2}=1.27067$. Thus Z=1.27. Degeneracy multiplies a state’s weight; it does not alter the energy exponent.

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