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GATE 2021 XH5 – Question 60

Development Across the Life Span · Moral Development and Theories of Aging · 2 marks · Multiple select

Which are proposed biological explanations of ageing?

  1. Cells have a limited division capacity, described here as about75–80 divisions, and become less able to divide with age.
  2. Energy metabolism produces unstable oxygen molecules called free radicals.
  3. Mitochondrial deterioration contributes to ageing.
  4. Cell division increases as people age.

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Correct answer: (A) Cells have a limited division capacity, described here as about75–80 divisions, and become less able to divide with age.; (B) Energy metabolism produces unstable oxygen molecules called free radicals.; (C) Mitochondrial deterioration contributes to ageing.

Explanation

The paper groups finite cellular replication, free-radical damage and mitochondrial deterioration as explanations of ageing, giving A,B,C. D reverses the proposed replication account. The75–80 figure is the source’s approximate textbook wording; actual replicative limits vary by cell type and conditions and are not a universal count for all human cells.

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