GATE 2023 XH5 (Psychology) – Question 50
Match the biases/effects in the first column with the descriptions in the second column of the table given below.
| Biases/effects | Descriptions |
|---|---|
| P) Barnum Effect | i) Tendency to take credit for one’s success but downplaying responsibility for one’s failure |
| Q) Reference Group Effect | ii) Tendency to take blame for failure but downplay one’s role in the success |
| R) Self-Serving Bias | iii) Tendency to rate oneself with respect to one’s social and cultural group |
| S) Self-Effacing Bias | iv) Tendency to believe in description of personality that is supposedly descriptive of oneself, but could in fact describe almost anyone |
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Show answer and explanation
Correct answer: (B) P-(iv), Q-(iii), R-(i), S-(ii)
Explanation
The Barnum effect is believing a vague description fits you (iv), the reference group effect is rating oneself against one's group (iii), the self-serving bias is taking credit for success and denying blame for failure (i), and the self-effacing bias is the reverse (ii).