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GATE 2025 XH5 (Psychology) – Question 51

Perception, Learning, Memory and Forgetting · Theories of Learning: Classical conditioning, operant conditioning, social learning theory, cognitive learning · 2 marks · Multiple choice

Behavior modification programs aimed at extinction of an undesirable behavior typically make use of:

  1. Punishment and stimulus control
  2. Punishment and shaping
  3. Stimulus control and time out
  4. Non- reinforcement and time out

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Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: (D) Non- reinforcement and time out

Explanation

Extinction means that a behaviour is no longer reinforced, so these programmes withhold reinforcement (non-reinforcement) and use time out, which removes the person from the chance of getting reinforcement. Punishment is a different method and shaping builds new behaviours.