The GATE Grind

GATE 2026 MA – Question 45

Topology · Connectedness and Compactness · 2 marks · Multiple choice

For subsets E₁,E₂ of a normed space, define E₁+E₂ = {x+y:x∈E₁,y∈E₂} and E₁×E₂ as their Cartesian product. Which statement is NOT true?

  1. If either set is open, their sum is open.
  2. If both sets are convex, their sum is convex.
  3. If both sets are closed, their sum is closed.
  4. If both sets are connected, their product is connected.

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Correct answer: (C) If both sets are closed, their sum is closed.

Explanation

C fails. In ℝ² let $E_1=\{(x,1/x):x>0\}$ and E₂ = ℝ×{0}. Both are closed, but their sum is ℝ×(0,∞), not closed. A follows by taking a union of translates of the open set; B by combining convex combinations; D is the product theorem for connected spaces. **C**.

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