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GATE 2023 ES – Question 4

General Aptitude · Analytical Aptitude: Logical Reasoning, Deduction and Analogy · 1 mark · Multiple choice

A recent survey shows that 65% of tobacco users were advised to stop consuming tobacco. The survey also shows that 3 out of 10 tobacco users attempted to stop using tobacco.

Based only on the information in the above passage, which one of the following options can be logically inferred with certainty?

  1. A majority of tobacco users who were advised to stop consuming tobacco made an attempt to do so.
  2. A majority of tobacco users who were advised to stop consuming tobacco did not attempt to do so.
  3. Approximately 30% of tobacco users successfully stopped consuming tobacco.
  4. Approximately 65% of tobacco users successfully stopped consuming tobacco.

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Correct answer: (B) A majority of tobacco users who were advised to stop consuming tobacco did not attempt to do so.

Explanation

Only 30% of all users attempted to stop. Even if every one of them was among the 65% who were advised, that is at most $30/65 \approx 46\%$ of the advised users, which is less than half. So a majority of the advised users did not attempt to stop. Nothing is said about success.

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