A 4000 kg airplane with wing reference area 25 m² flies at sea level with maximum lift coefficient 1.65. Air density is 1.225 kg/m³ and g = 9.8 m/s². Use safety factor 1.25 for additional unsteady lift during a sudden pull-up. At what speed does load factor reach 3.2, in m/s to 2 decimals?
Using the paper’s factor as an unsteady lift multiplier, $nW=1.25(\rho V^2/2)SC_{L,max}$. Therefore $$V=\sqrt{\frac{2nmg}{1.25\rho SC_{L,max}}}.$$ The numerator is 250880 N and the denominator is 63.1641 in consistent SI units, giving V = 63.02 m/s. The factor belongs on the lift side under this keyed convention.
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