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GATE 2020 BT – Question 13

Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Biology · Molecular Biology: Structure of genes and chromosomes, mutations and mutagenesis, regulation of gene expression · 1 mark · Multiple choice

Which statements are CORRECT?

[P] Viruses can play a role in causing human cancer.

[Q] A tumor suppressor gene can be turned off without any change in its DNA sequence.

[R] Alteration in miRNA expression levels contributes to the development of cancer.

  1. P and Q only
  2. Q and R only
  3. P and R only
  4. P, Q and R

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Correct answer: (D) P, Q and R

Explanation

P is true: oncogenic viruses can alter cell-cycle regulation or promote other carcinogenic processes. Q is true because epigenetic silencing, for example promoter methylation, can repress a tumor suppressor without changing its nucleotide sequence. R is true because miRNAs regulate target mRNAs and their dysregulation can affect oncogenes and tumor suppressors. All three are correct, D.

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