GATE 2023 CE (CE2) – Question 21
Which one of the following options provides the correct match of the terms listed in Column-1 and Column-2?
| Column-1 | Column-2 |
|---|---|
| P: Horton equation | I: Precipitation |
| Q: Muskingum method | II: Flood frequency |
| R: Penman method | III: Evapotranspiration |
| IV: Infiltration | |
| V: Channel routing |
Practise this question in The GATE Grind →
Show answer and explanation
Correct answer: (A) P-IV, Q-V, R-III
Explanation
Match each name with the hydrologic quantity it deals with.
- **P, Horton equation:** it describes how the **infiltration** capacity of soil decays with time during rain: $f=f_c+(f_0-f_c)e^{-kt}$. So P-IV.
- **Q, Muskingum method:** it is used for **channel routing** of a flood wave using storage in a reach. So Q-V.
- **R, Penman method:** it estimates **evapotranspiration** by combining the energy balance with an aerodynamic term. So R-III.
(Precipitation and flood frequency, items I and II, belong to other methods, such as rain-gauge analysis and Gumbel or log-Pearson distributions.)
Answer **P-IV, Q-V, R-III** (option A).