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GATE 2023 EE – Question 53

Electrical Machines · Single phase transformer: equivalent circuit, phasor diagram, open circuit and short circuit tests, regulation and efficiency · 2 marks · Numerical answer

When the winding c-d of the single-phase, 50 Hz, two winding transformer is supplied from an AC current source of frequency 50 Hz, the rated voltage of 200 V (rms), 50 Hz is obtained at the open-circuited terminals a-b. The cross sectional area of the core is 5000 mm² and the average core length traversed by the mutual flux is 500 mm. The maximum allowable flux density in the core is $B_{max}=1$ Wb/m² and the relative permeability of the core material is 5000. The leakage impedance of the winding a-b and winding c-d at 50 Hz are $(5+j100\pi\times0.16)\ \Omega$ and $(11.25+j100\pi\times0.36)\ \Omega$, respectively. Considering the magnetizing characteristics to be linear and neglecting core loss, the self-inductance of the winding a-b in millihenry is ____________ (Round off to 1 decimal place).

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Correct answer: 2188.90 to 2210.90

Explanation

The rated flux is $\Phi_m=B_{max}A=1\times5\times10^{-3}=5\times10^{-3}$ Wb. From $E=4.44fN\Phi_m$, $N_{ab}=\dfrac{200}{4.44\times50\times5\times10^{-3}}=180.2$ turns. The magnetizing inductance is $L_m=\dfrac{\mu_0\mu_rN^2A}{l}=\dfrac{4\pi\times10^{-7}\times5000\times180.2^2\times5\times10^{-3}}{0.5}=2.040$ H. The leakage reactance of $a$-$b$ is $\omega L_{l}=100\pi\times0.16$, i.e. $L_l=0.16$ H. The self-inductance is $L_m+L_l=2.040+0.16\approx2.200$ H $=2199.9$ mH.