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GATE 2024 BT – Question 13

Fundamentals of Biological Engineering · Bioreaction Engineering: Batch, fed-batch and continuous processes, microbial and enzyme reactors, optimization and scale up · 1 mark · Multiple choice

Which one of the following statements is correct in the context of thermodynamics?

  1. In a closed system, neither mass nor energy is transferred across the system boundary
  2. In a closed system, both mass and energy can be transferred across the system boundary
  3. The total energy of the system is the sum of kinetic and potential energies
  4. In a closed system, only energy can be transferred across the system boundary and not mass

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Correct answer: (D) In a closed system, only energy can be transferred across the system boundary and not mass

Explanation

A closed system exchanges energy (as heat and work) but not mass. The total energy also includes the internal energy.