The GATE Grind

GATE 2023 ES – Question 44

Global and Regional Environmental Issues · Global Effects of Air Pollution · 2 marks · Multiple select

Which urban-heat-island statement is NOT true? Select all that apply.

  1. Trees and vegetation reduce the effect.
  2. PM₂.₅ concentrations affect its intensity.
  3. Reflective roofs increase its intensity.
  4. Relative to rural areas, it commonly raises nighttime temperature more than daytime temperature.

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Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: (C) Reflective roofs increase its intensity.

Explanation

Reflective/cool roofs reduce absorbed solar energy and usually mitigate heat islands, so C reverses the intended effect. Vegetation provides shade/evaporative cooling, aerosols affect radiation, and delayed urban heat release often strengthens nighttime contrasts. Select **C only**.

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