The GATE Grind

GATE Computer Organization and Architecture: Instruction Pipelining and Pipeline Hazards – Previous Year Questions

15 GATE previous year questions on Instruction Pipelining and Pipeline Hazards (Computer Organization and Architecture, Computer Science) with answers and explanations, from every paper.

  1. GATE 2017 CS Q60 (2 marks, Numerical answer) – Instruction execution in a processor is divided into 5 stages, Instruction Fetch (IF), Instruction Decode (ID), Operand Fetch (OF), Execute (EX), and…
  2. GATE 2016 CS Q42 (2 marks, Numerical answer) – The stage delays in a 4-stage pipeline are 800, 500, 400 and 300 picoseconds. The first stage (with delay 800 picoseconds) is replaced with a…
  3. GATE 2015 CS Q55 (2 marks, Numerical answer) – Consider a non-pipelined processor with a clock rate of 2.5 gigahertz and average cycles per instruction of four. The same processor is upgraded to a…
  4. GATE 2018 CS Q60 (2 marks, Numerical answer) – The instruction pipeline of a RISC processor has the following stages: Instruction Fetch (IF), Instruction Decode (ID), Operand Fetch (OF), Perform…
  5. GATE 2026 CS (CS2) Q57 (2 marks, Numerical answer) – A non-pipelined instruction execution unit operating at 1.6 GHz takes an average of 5 clock cycles per instruction. A pipelined redesign could operate…
  6. GATE 2026 CS (CS1) Q16 (1 mark, Multiple choice) – Which one of the following dependencies among the register operands of different instructions can cause a data hazard in a pipelined processor?
  7. GATE 2026 CS (CS1) Q60 (2 marks, Numerical answer) – The EX stage of a pipelined processor performs the memory read operations for LOAD instructions, and the operations for the arithmetic and logic…
  8. GATE 2025 CS (CS2) Q56 (2 marks, Numerical answer) – A 5-stage instruction pipeline has stage delays of 180, 250, 150, 170, and 250, respectively, in nanoseconds. The delay of an inter-stage latch is 10…
  9. GATE 2024 CS (CS2) Q31 (1 mark, Multiple select) – An instruction format has the structure: Instruction Number: Opcode destination reg, source reg-1, source reg-2. Consider the sequence: I1: DIV R3,…
  10. GATE 2024 CS (CS2) Q58 (2 marks, Numerical answer) – A non-pipelined unit at 2 GHz takes an average of 6 cycles per instruction of program P. The unit is redesigned as a 5-stage pipeline at 2 GHz with…
  11. GATE 2024 CS (CS1) Q30 (1 mark, Multiple select) – Consider a 5-stage pipelined processor with Instruction Fetch (IF), Instruction Decode (ID), Execute (EX), Memory Access (MEM), and Register Writeback…
  12. GATE 2023 CS Q33 (1 mark, Numerical answer) – Consider a 3-stage pipelined processor having a delay of 10 ns (nanoseconds), 20 ns, and 14 ns, for the first, second, and the third stages,…
  13. GATE 2022 CS Q61 (2 marks, Numerical answer) – A processor X1 operating at 2 GHz has a standard 5-stage RISC instruction pipeline having a base CPI (cycles per instruction) of one without any…
  14. GATE 2021 CS Q63 (2 marks, Numerical answer) – A five-stage pipeline has stage delays of 150, 120, 150, 160 and 140 nanoseconds. The registers that are used between the pipeline stages have a delay…
  15. GATE 2020 CS Q53 (2 marks, Numerical answer) – Consider a non-pipelined processor operating at 2.5 GHz. It takes 5 clock cycles to complete an instruction. You are going to make a 5-stage pipeline…